Researchers do not yet know the exact cause of Alzheimer’s disease. It is believed to result from a combination of genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Among the environmental factors most studied are aluminum, zinc, food-borne toxins, and viruses.
Aluminum
One of the most publicized and controversial theories involves aluminum. This theory emerged when researchers discovered traces of aluminum in the brains of some patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
While some autopsy studies show higher-than-normal levels of aluminum in Alzheimer’s patients, many others do not confirm this finding. There is also concern that laboratory procedures, rather than the brain tissue itself, may account for some of the aluminum detected.
Because aluminum is a common element in the Earth’s crust, it is present in many foods, household products, and even medications such as certain antacids and antiperspirants. Some studies suggested that aluminum exposure may increase Alzheimer’s risk, but others found no such link.
Cooking with aluminum utensils does not appear to increase exposure, and the aluminum naturally found in foods (such as potatoes) is poorly absorbed by the body. At present, scientists conclude that aluminum exposure is unlikely to play a significant role in Alzheimer’s disease.
Zinc
Zinc’s role in Alzheimer’s disease remains debated.
- Too little zinc: Some autopsies found unusually low levels of zinc in certain brain regions, particularly the hippocampus, of Alzheimer’s patients.
- Too much zinc: Other research shows that high zinc levels can cause beta-amyloid proteins to clump together—forming plaques, a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease.
Current studies continue to explore how zinc levels may influence Alzheimer’s development.
Food-Borne Toxins
Certain food-borne toxins have been linked to neurological disorders that resemble Alzheimer’s.
- Two amino acids found in legumes grown in Africa, India, and Guam appear to damage neurons by overstimulating glutamate, a brain chemical also implicated in Alzheimer’s disease.
- In Canada, an outbreak of dementia-like illness was traced to mussels contaminated with domoic acid, which overstimulates the brain in a similar way.
Although rare, these cases provide valuable insight into how toxins may contribute to brain degeneration.
Viruses
Some neurological diseases are caused by viruses that can remain dormant for decades before triggering illness. This has led researchers to investigate whether a virus might play a role in Alzheimer’s.
So far, no conclusive evidence has been found. A few studies suggest the possibility of a viral connection, but most scientists consider this theory unlikely at present.
Caring for Loved Ones with Alzheimer’s
At Personal Senior Care Homes, we understand that Alzheimer’s disease can develop for many complex reasons—genetic, environmental, and beyond. Regardless of the cause, our focus is on compassionate, personalized care for every resident.
If you or a loved one is navigating the challenges of Alzheimer’s or dementia, we are here to help.
Contact Steve Brock at 513-870-9228 to schedule a tour of our homes.
Source: Speaking of Women’s Health